\u8bb2\u5ea7\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong>
\n\u5404\u4f4d\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u8bb0\u5f97\u6211\u66fe\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5916\u56fd\u8bed\u5b66\u9662\u505a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u5f00\u8bb2\u5ea7\uff0c\u8be5\u8bb2\u5ea7\u8c08\u53ca\u4e86\u5728\u5b66\u5916\u8bed\u65f6\u517b\u6210\u826f\u597d\u5b66\u4e60\u4e60\u60ef\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u6211\u4e5f\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u4e9b\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u82f1\u8bed\u65f6\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u8c08\u8bba\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540e\u7eed\u8bb2\u5ea7\u4e2d\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u4e3b\u8981\u843d\u5728\u4e86\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6c49\u8bd1\u82f1\u3002\u6211\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e2a\u201c\u5206\u9636\u6bb5\u201d\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4ee5\u8ba9\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u505a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\u91c7\u7528\u3002<\/p>\nNaturally, this should only be taken as a guide; if you find my suggestions useful, you can try to incorporate them into your work, but everyone has their own working style, so I encourage students to develop their own methods as well. In addition, teachers rarely give students a clear breakdown of how translation is done by professionals, so I think my ideas can at least be a good starting point for discussion.
\n\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ec5\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u89c9\u5f97\u6211\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u7ed3\u5408\u5230\u4f60\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u6bd5\u7adf\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u884c\u4e8b\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4e5f\u9f13\u52b1\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u63a2\u6c42\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u8001\u5e08\u5f88\u5c11\u7ed9\u5b66\u751f\u8bb2\u6e05\u695a\u4e13\u4e1a\u8bd1\u8005\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u6211\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u81f3\u5c11\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u63a2\u8ba8\u7684\u5207\u5165\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n
Before presenting my translation process, I discuss with the audience some issues that I believe can be addressed by placing more emphasis on process and practice in translation training.
\n\u5728\u5c55\u793a\u6211\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u548c\u89c2\u4f17\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ffb\u8bd1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ffb\u8bd1\u95ee\u9898\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6ce8\u91cd\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e2d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u7ec3\u4e60\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n
Problem No. 1<\/strong>
\nFirst I discuss the distinction between the translation product and process, and how the former is often emphasised by teachers to the neglect of the latter. I present an image of a cabinet and ask the audience to imagine they are cabinetmakers and it is their job to teach students how to make them. I propose that it would be absurd to give a bunch of inexperienced students a beautiful, finished cabinet and ask them to simply copy it by themselves. And yet this is exactly the way translation is taught by many teachers.
\n\u95ee\u98981<\/strong>
\n\u9996\u5148\u6211\u8c08\u5230\u4e86\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7ed3\u679c\u548c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u53ca\u6559\u5e08\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u91cd\u89c6\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7ed3\u679c\u800c\u5ffd\u89c6\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u3002\u6211\u5411\u89c2\u4f17\u4eec\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u5f20\u6a71\u67dc\u7684\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8ba9\u89c2\u4f17\u60f3\u8c61\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u5c31\u662f\u6728\u5de5\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u804c\u8d23\u4fbf\u662f\u6559\u5bfc\u5b66\u751f\u5982\u4f55\u6253\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a71\u67dc\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7ed9\u4e00\u5806\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cbe\u81f4\u3001\u6210\u54c1\u7684\u6a71\u67dc\u5e76\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u6253\u78e8\u4f1a\u663e\u5f97\u8352\u5510\u53ef\u7b11\u3002\u7136\u800c\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u5f88\u591a\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6559\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\nTeachers give students products (i.e. reference translations) and ask them to copy them, but very little is explained about how that product is actually made. Sometimes they give students raw materials (grammar, vocabulary) and diagrams (theory) but this still does not provide much insight about the complicated process involved when translating a text. In my view, this is something that must addressed in translation schools. I also note that this phenomenon is less common in interpreting training.
\n\u6559\u5e08\u7ed9\u5b66\u751f\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7ed3\u679c\uff08\u5982\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff09\u5e76\u8ba9\u5b66\u751f\u6a21\u4eff\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u5f88\u5c11\u89e3\u91ca\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u6765\u7684\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u6559\u5e08\u7ed9\u5b66\u751f\u201c\u539f\u6599\u201d\uff08\u5982\u8bed\u6cd5\u3001\u8bcd\u6c47\uff09\u548c\u56fe\u8868\uff08\u7406\u8bba\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4f9d\u65e7\u6ca1\u80fd\u7ed9\u51fa\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6587\u672c\u65f6\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6df1\u5c42\u6b21\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4f9d\u6211\u6240\u89c1\uff0c\u5bf9\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6df1\u5c42\u6b21\u7406\u89e3\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5b66\u6d3e\u4e2d\u4f53\u73b0\u3002\u6211\u8fd8\u8981\u63d0\u9192\u7684\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u8c61\u5728\u53e3\u8bd1\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e2d\u66f4\u4e0d\u5e38\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n
Problem No. 2<\/strong>
\nThen I talk about a common complaint of Chinese students and teachers: that almost all the theories they learn about are based on Western languages, which often hold very little relevance to their own translation experiences. I propose that the problems Chinese language translators face tend to be much more complex than those faced by European language translators.
\n\u95ee\u98982<\/strong>
\n\u7136\u540e\u6211\u8c08\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u751f\u548c\u6559\u5e08\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u62b1\u6028\uff1a\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7406\u8bba\u90fd\u57fa\u4e8e\u897f\u65b9\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7ecf\u5386\u5173\u8054\u751a\u5fae\u3002\u6211\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\u6c49\u8bed\u8bd1\u5458\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u8fdc\u6bd4\u6b27\u6d32\u8bed\u7cfb\u8bd1\u5458\u4eec\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u590d\u6742\u3002<\/p>\nChinese and English have almost no relationship between each other, as they have developed completely independently of each other. To take Western linguistic theories and apply them directly to Chinese translation is like comparing apples with oranges. We should encourage Chinese translation teachers to come up with their own understandings of the translation process that students can relate to and apply directly in their own work.\u6c49\u8bed\u548c\u82f1\u8bed\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u76f8\u4e92\u95f4\u5b8c\u5168\u72ec\u7acb\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u5c06\u897f\u65b9\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u76f4\u63a5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6c49\u8bed\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5982\u540c\u5c06\u82f9\u679c\u548c\u6a58\u5b50\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u9f13\u52b1\u6559\u6388\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u6559\u5e08\u62e5\u6709\u5176\u5bf9\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u72ec\u5230\u89c1\u89e3\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u6709\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u8ba9\u5b66\u751f\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
Problem No. 3<\/strong>
\nThe urgency to develop a practical process for Chinese translation students to follow is clear when one considers the fact that Chinese-English translation is one of the biggest language directions in the world, and its market is only going to grow larger as China becomes increasingly powerful on the international stage.
\n\u95ee\u98983<\/strong>
\n\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u4e2d\u82f1\u4e92\u8bd1\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u65b9\u5411\u4e4b\u4e00\u5e76\u4e14\u968f\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u821e\u53f0\u4e0a\u8d8a\u53d1\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u4e2d\u82f1\u4e92\u8bd1\u5e02\u573a\u53ea\u4f1a\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e9f\u9700\u7ed9\u5b66\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u751f\u627e\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u7528\u6b65\u9aa4\u6765\u9075\u5faa\u3002<\/p>\nDespite this, the translation industry in China is far less developed than that of Europe and the United States. In China there are very few agreed-upon standards and principles of translation (especially Chinese-into-English) that would help improve the quality of translations here, and thereby avoid embarrassing renderings like “Hotel for Aliens”, and the myriad of Chinglish expressions we have all been exposed to.
\n\u5373\u4fbf\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ffb\u8bd1\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8fdc\u8fdc\u843d\u540e\u4e8e\u6b27\u6d32\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u63d0\u9ad8\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u516c\u8ba4\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u539f\u5219\uff08\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6c49\u82f1\u4e92\u8bd1\uff09\u6765\u907f\u514d\u8bf8\u5982Hotel for Aliens\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5c34\u5c2c\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u89c1\u8fc7\u7684\u65e0\u6570\u4e2d\u5f0f\u82f1\u8bed\u8868\u8fbe\u3002<\/p>\n
My Method<\/strong>
\nPlease note that my method is but one among many, and a basic one at that, targeted at beginners. It is intended for non-literary texts, since translating literature is an intricate process that could probably never be streamlined in such a fashion. The method is mainly based on my own experience of projects with tight deadlines. Since everyone has their own style of working, I hope students can use this presentation as inspiration to develop their own method that works best for them.
\n\u6211\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>
\n\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\u6211\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ea\u662f\u65e0\u6570\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u57fa\u7840\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u76ee\u6807\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e3a\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u975e\u6587\u5b66\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6587\u5b66\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u5c06\u6b64\u8bd1\u6cd5\u5e94\u7528\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5de5\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b9\u6cd5\u57fa\u4e8e\u6211\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u7d27\u8feb\u6027\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u884c\u4e8b\u4f5c\u98ce\uff0c\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u5b66\u751f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6b64\u5c55\u793a\u5f53\u6210\u7075\u611f\u6765\u6e90\u4ee5\u627e\u5bfb\u6700\u9002\u5408\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\nWhy Focus on Method?<\/strong>
\nIn project management we often talk about the requirements of Time, Quality and Cost represented in the Project Management Triangle, and how it is difficult to achieve all three in a given project. In my presentation I propose a new triangle diagram specially for translators that takes into account our professional standards of Accuracy, Fluency and Timeliness. I explain in my lecture how my translation process can go some way toward improving these three requirements, and especially those of accuracy and timeliness.
\n\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u6ce8\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1f<\/strong>
\n\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u8c08\u5230\u4ee5\u9879\u76ee\u7ba1\u7406\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u6210\u672c\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u77e5\u9053\u8981\u60f3\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e09\u70b9\u662f\u5341\u5206\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u3002\u5728\u6211\u7684\u5c55\u793a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e13\u4e3a\u8bd1\u5458\u800c\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u65b0\u578b\u4e09\u89d2\u56fe\uff0c\u8be5\u4e09\u89d2\u56fe\u8003\u8651\u5230\u7cbe\u786e\u5ea6\u3001\u6d41\u5229\u5ea6\u548c\u5373\u65f6\u6027\u4e13\u4e1a\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u5728\u6211\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e2d\u6211\u89e3\u91ca\u5230\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u8981\u6c42\u7684\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u51c6\u786e\u548c\u5373\u65f6\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\nBasic Principles<\/strong>
\nIf we acknowledge that Chinese and English are two languages with almost no common ground, we should encourage students to understand as much about the cultural, social and linguistic differences as possible. As far as I am concerned, no good C-E translator can produce professional translations without this awareness.
\n\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219<\/strong>
\n\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u627f\u8ba4\u6c49\u8bed\u548c\u82f1\u8bed\u662f\u4e24\u79cd\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u5171\u540c\u70b9\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u9f13\u52b1\u5b66\u751f\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u4e24\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u95f4\u7684\u6587\u5316\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u4f9d\u6211\u6240\u89c1\uff0c\u80fd\u7ffb\u51fa\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u8bd1\u6587\u7684\u4f18\u79c0\u6c49\u8bd1\u82f1\u8bd1\u8005\u90fd\u6e05\u695a\u8fd9\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\nThe advantage of this method is it forces the translator to give equal emphasis to both the literal meaning of the source text and the grammatical and stylistic requirements of the target text. This will become clearer to the audience during the presentation section, where I show in real time how my process can be carried out on a couple of example texts.
\n\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u5b83\u8feb\u4f7f\u8bd1\u8005\u540c\u7b49\u5bf9\u5f85\u6e90\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5b57\u9762\u610f\u4e49\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u672c\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u3001\u8bed\u4f53\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u89c2\u4f17\u5728\u5c55\u793a\u73af\u8282\u4f1a\u7406\u89e3\u66f4\u52a0\u5230\u4f4d\uff0c\u5728\u8be5\u73af\u8282\u6211\u901a\u8fc7\u51e0\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u4f8b\u5b50\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6211\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
Stages in My Method<\/strong>
\nMy method involves three stages, or the \u201cThree Rs\u201d:
\n\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5<\/strong>
\n\u6211\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4e09\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u6216\u79f0Three Rs\uff1a<\/p>\n1. Reading
\n\u4e00\u3001\u9605\u8bfb
\n2. Rendering
\n\u4e8c\u3001\u7ffb\u8bd1
\n3. Revising
\n\u4e09\u3001\u4fee\u6539<\/p>\n
Stage One: Reading<\/strong>
\nDuring this stage, I read the ST in its entirety, making sure I understand every term and concept used. I may need to consult native speakers or experts for some tricky terms or concepts. Lastly, I open the document in my word processor and divide it into digestible chunks, to make the translation process easier to handle.
\n\u9636\u6bb51\uff1a\u9605\u8bfb<\/strong>
\n\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u6211\u6574\u4f53\u9605\u8bfb\u4e86\u6e90\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6211\u660e\u767d\u7528\u5230\u7684\u6240\u6709\u672f\u8bed\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u68d8\u624b\u7684\u672f\u8bed\u6216\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6211\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8be2\u95ee\u6bcd\u8bed\u4eba\u58eb\u6216\u4e13\u5bb6\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u5728Word\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u5404\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u4ee5\u4ee4\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u66f4\u6613\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\nStage Two: Rendering<\/strong>
\nThen, I translate every unit (every zi<\/em> [Chinese character] and ci<\/em> [Chinese word]) of the source text literally. To save time I only make idiomatic shifts (i.e. changes to sentence structures, collocations or expressions) instinctively. Lastly, I maintain the original sentence structure and even grammar where possible, as long as the rendering is still readable.
\n\u9636\u6bb5\u4e8c\uff1a\u7ffb\u8bd1<\/strong>
\n\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u9010\u5b57\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6e90\u6587\u672c\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u4f4d\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u548c\u8bcd\uff09\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7701\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6211\u53ea\u4f1a\u4f9d\u9760\u672c\u80fd\u53cd\u5e94\u8fdb\u884c\u4e60\u8bed\u8f6c\u6362\uff08\u5373\u8c03\u6574\u53e5\u578b\u3001\u642d\u914d\u6216\u8868\u8fbe\uff09\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u4fdd\u7559\u539f\u6765\u7684\u53e5\u578b\u751a\u81f3\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u4fdd\u7559\u8bd1\u6587\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002<\/p>\nStage Three: Revising<\/strong>
\nIn this last stage, I re-read my rendering and make as many changes as possible. During this time I may fix grammatical errors, change sentence structures and word orders to make them more idiomatic or to conform with target language norms, and make final decisions on ‘tricky’ units.
\n\u9636\u6bb5\u4e09\uff1a\u4fee\u6539<\/strong>
\n\u5728\u6700\u540e\u8fd9\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u6211\u518d\u6b21\u9605\u8bfb\u6211\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5e76\u4e14\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u6211\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4fee\u6539\u8bed\u6cd5\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u53e5\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u5355\u8bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u4ee5\u8ba9\u8bd1\u6587\u66f4\u5730\u9053\u6216\u7b26\u5408\u76ee\u6807\u8bed\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u51b3\u5b9a\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u201c\u68d8\u624b\u201d\u5355\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\nBenefits of This Method<\/strong>
\nIn my mind, there are three main benefits to this method. First, it streamlines the translation process. I can deal with simple renderings first, make quick progress early on, and leave difficult parts for later. Second, it minimises fatigue. I can separate accuracy and fluency, so I do not have to focus on both at once. Third, it prevents mistranslation. During the Rendering stage, I can ensure every unit is accounted for, so nothing is left out. This is particularly important for legal and commercial texts, or any text where small details in the source text are crucial.
\n\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u76ca\u5904<\/strong>
\n\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u76ca\u5904\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u7b80\u5316\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u5904\u7406\u7b80\u5355\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u5c31\u6709\u5feb\u901f\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u56f0\u96be\u90e8\u5206\u7559\u5230\u540e\u9762\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u6700\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u51cf\u5c11\u75b2\u52b3\u3002\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u7cbe\u786e\u5ea6\u548c\u6d41\u5229\u5ea6\u5206\u5f00\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6211\u5c31\u65e0\u9700\u4e00\u5fc3\u4e8c\u7528\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u907f\u514d\u8bef\u8bd1\u3002\u5728\u7ffb\u8bd1\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u6211\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u4f4d\u90fd\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4f4d\u6709\u6240\u9057\u6f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u5546\u4e1a\u548c\u4efb\u4f55\u5c0f\u7ec6\u8282\u90fd\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\nExamples of the Method in Action<\/strong>
\nI then present two examples of my proposed translation method by way of a TAP, i.e. a Think-Aloud Protocol. This involves recording myself translating a text, during which time I provide commentary on the process in real time. In my lecture I then present the video and analyse my performance so students can better understand the translation process. You can watch the lecture video on YouTube or Bilili to see the method in action.
\n\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50<\/strong>
\n\u7136\u540e\u6211\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u51fa\u58f0\u601d\u7ef4\u6cd5\u201d\uff08Think-Aloud Protocol\uff09\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5b9e\u8df5\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u51fa\u58f0\u601d\u7ef4\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bb0\u5f55\u6211\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6587\u672c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6211\u5b9e\u65f6\u505a\u51fa\u8bc4\u8bba\u3002\u5728\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e2d\u6211\u64ad\u653e\u4e86\u89c6\u9891\u5e76\u4e14\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5b66\u751f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728YouTube\u6216\u54d4\u54e9\u54d4\u54e9\u4e0a\u89c2\u770b\u8be5\u89c6\u9891\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\u3002<\/p>\nSome Caveats<\/strong>
\nThough TAP is a useful tool for students and teachers, it is not without its flaws. Notably, it only reveals parts of the process that are conscious to the translator, so any task performed unconsciously cannot usually be revealed. Also, in my presentation I only chose two simple texts that are not good representations of professional-level translations.
\n\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/strong>
\n\u867d\u7136\u201c\u51fa\u58f0\u601d\u7ef4\u6cd5\u201d\u4e4b\u4e8e\u5b66\u751f\u548c\u6559\u5e08\u90fd\u662f\u79cd\u5b9e\u7528\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5e76\u975e\u5b8c\u7f8e\u65e0\u7455\u3002\u663e\u7136\u201c\u51fa\u58f0\u601d\u7ef4\u6cd5\u201d\u4ec5\u63ed\u793a\u8bd1\u8005\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u80fd\u63ed\u793a\u4efb\u4f55\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u7684\u5c55\u793a\u4e2d\u6211\u4e5f\u4ec5\u4ec5\u9009\u53d6\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee3\u8868\u4e13\u4e1a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u6587\u672c\u3002<\/p>\nI did this for three reasons. One, it is very time-consuming to present professional-level translation to a general audience due to its complexity. Second, most translation projects are highly confidential. Third, not everyone in the audience had a background in translation. For these reasons I chose to use simple texts, but in future sessions we could see what could be learnt by applying the method to higher-level texts.
\n\u6211\u9009\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u4e13\u4e1a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u6587\u672c\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u7406\u7531\uff1a\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e13\u4e1a\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6587\u672c\u590d\u6742\u6df1\u5965\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c06\u5176\u5c55\u73b0\u7ed9\u666e\u901a\u89c2\u4f17\u663e\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u8017\u65f6\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4efb\u52a1\u90fd\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4fdd\u5bc6\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u573a\u7684\u89c2\u4f17\u5e76\u975e\u90fd\u5177\u5907\u7ffb\u8bd1\u80cc\u666f\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u6211\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528\u7b80\u5355\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u8bb2\u5ea7\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u770b\u5c06\u6211\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u7ea7\u522b\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u89c2\u4f17\u80fd\u6536\u83b7\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<\/p>\n
Conclusion<\/strong>
\nAnd that’s it! Be sure to watch the lecture video in its entirety to understand how my proposed translation process works. I look forward to reading your feedback in the comments section!
\n\u7ed3\u8bba<\/strong>
\n\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4fbf\u662f\u5168\u90e8\u5185\u5bb9\uff01\u8bf7\u52a1\u5fc5\u770b\u5b8c\u5168\u90e8\u8bb2\u5ea7\u89c6\u9891\u4ee5\u4fbf\u7406\u89e3\u6211\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u671f\u5f85\u5728\u8bc4\u8bba\u533a\u8bfb\u5230\u5927\u5bb6\u7684\u53cd\u9988\uff01<\/p>\nCheers,
\nCarl
\n\u8c22\u8c22\uff01
\n\u5085\u541b\u607a<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Lecture #2: Chinese-English Translation: A Suggested Method for Beginning Students \u7b2c\u4e8c\u8bb2\u5ea7\uff1a\u8da3\u8c08\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a8\u8350\u7ed9\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u65b9\u6cd5 Carl Gene Fordham Beijing International Studies University Monday 23 October 2017 \u5085\u541b\u607a \u5317\u4eac\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5916\u56fd\u8bed\u5b66\u9662 2017\u5e7410\u670823\u65e5 You can watch it either on YouTube or Bilibili. \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728YouTube\u6216\u8005\u54d4\u54e9\u54d4\u54e9\u4e0a\u89c2\u770b\u8bb2\u5ea7\u7684\u89c6\u9891\u3002 YouTube: Chinese-English Translation: A Suggested Method for Beginning Students Bilibili (\u54d4\u54e9\u54d4\u54e9): \u3010\u5085\u541b\u607a\u3011\u8da3\u8c08\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a8\u8350\u7ed9\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u65b9\u6cd5 Apologies Sorry this has taken over four months […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"libsyn-item-id":0,"libsyn-show-id":0,"libsyn-post-error":"","libsyn-post-error_post-type":"","libsyn-post-error_post-permissions":"","libsyn-post-error_api":"","playlist-podcast-url":"","libsyn-episode-thumbnail":"","libsyn-episode-widescreen_image":"","libsyn-episode-blog_image":"","libsyn-episode-background_image":"","libsyn-post-episode-category-selection":"","libsyn-post-episode-player_use_thumbnail":"","libsyn-post-episode-player_use_theme":"","libsyn-post-episode-player_height":"","libsyn-post-episode-player_width":"","libsyn-post-episode-player_placement":"","libsyn-post-episode-player_use_download_link":"","libsyn-post-episode-player_use_download_link_text":"","libsyn-post-episode-player_custom_color":"","libsyn-post-episode-itunes-explicit":"","libsyn-post-episode":"","libsyn-post-episode-update-id3":"","libsyn-post-episode-release-date":"","libsyn-post-episode-simple-download":"","libsyn-release-date":"","libsyn-post-update-release-date":"","libsyn-is_draft":"","libsyn-new-media-media":"","libsyn-post-episode-subtitle":"","libsyn-new-media-image":"","libsyn-post-episode-keywords":"","libsyn-post-itunes":"","libsyn-post-episode-itunes-episode-number":"","libsyn-post-episode-itunes-season-number":"","libsyn-post-episode-itunes-episode-type":"","libsyn-post-episode-itunes-episode-title":"","libsyn-post-episode-itunes-episode-author":"","libsyn-destination-releases":"","libsyn-post-episode-advanced-destination-form-data":"","libsyn-post-episode-advanced-destination-form-data-enabled":"","libsyn-post-episode-advanced-destination-form-data-input-enabled":false,"libsyn-post-episode-premium_state":"","libsyn-episode-shortcode":"","libsyn-episode-embedurl":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[248],"tags":[172,49,243,246,242,247,108],"class_list":["post-1811","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lectures","tag-chinese","tag-english","tag-methods","tag-process","tag-strategies","tag-tap","tag-translation"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/carlgene.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1811","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/carlgene.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/carlgene.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carlgene.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carlgene.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1811"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/carlgene.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1811\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1815,"href":"https:\/\/carlgene.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1811\/revisions\/1815"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/carlgene.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1811"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carlgene.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1811"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carlgene.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1811"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}